Architect Narratives - Vann Molyvann

If you have seen the documentary “The Man Who Built Cambodia,” you are halfway to knowing one of the most renowned architects in Cambodia. At the beginning of the documentary, viewers can clearly feel the sense of pride and belonging radiating from the many people who utilize the buildings designed by the respected architect Vann Molyvann. 

Vann Molyvann was behind the Olympic National Stadium, Independence Monument, Chaktomuk Conference Hall, and many more iconic Cambodian structures. Both in his time and now, Vann Molyvann was and is a significant influence on many young architects and enthusiasts alike. Born on November 23, 1926, in Kampot, Molyvann originally studied law and obtained a scholarship from France to pursue the field. He spent one year studying law before changing to architecture at the School of Fine Arts in Paris and studying with Le Corbusier.

Upon returning to Cambodia in 1956, Molyvann was the first fully qualified Cambodian architect and was appointed to be the Head of the Public Works and State Architect by the late King Father. From then on, Molyvann began work on many of the most notable buildings in Cambodia that are still known today. Greatly reflected by his projects on many historical buildings, including the Chaktomuk Conference Hall, the 100 Houses, the National Sports Complex, and more, Molyvann’s works were also recognized by the first Prime Minister of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew, who proposed to the Late King Father his desire to hire Molyvann to help plan a new Singapore in 1967. In addition to designing buildings, Molyvann was also an urban planner. In 1991, he was appointed President of the Council of Ministers, Minister of Culture & Fine Arts, and Town & Country Planning.

Vann Molyvann’s architectural style draws from a mixture of Bauhaus architecture from 1919 with callouts to Khmer traditional designs, particularly in roofs, geometry, and finishing materials. He sought out and created what he called “New Khmer Architecture.” Almost 100 years after his birth, many in Cambodia and worldwide continue to recognize his legacy.

The International Living Future Institute defines a structure that connects the users to light, air, food, and community, is self-sufficient and remains within the resource limits of their site, and creates positive impacts on the human and natural systems that interact with them is called a “living building.” William Greaves, founder of the Vann Molyvann Project, recognized the National Olympic Stadium as a living building because it was designed to utilize natural light and airflow, allowing for less energy consumption. Furthermore, the layout of the space creates a sense of welcoming without discrimination to one’s athletic level, opening for more engagement and connection.  

Vann Molyvann’s legacy still lives through his works, which continue to inspire young architects who dream of transforming their cities and those like us who simply appreciate beautiful and functional design.